This is a new volume in the Dialects of English series - a series of short, accessible but authoritative books on specific dialect varieties, each written by a specialist or specialists who have done first-hand work on the variety concerned. This volume provides an overview of all aspects of north-eastern English and explores the phonetic, phonological and morphosyntactic features of the variety, includes an analysis of lexical items. It focuses on the historical and linguistic aspects of the dialect and local culture, as well as investigating variation and change across generations. Designed with undergraduates and the general reader in mind, this book provides an excellent introduction to dialects of the region.
List of figures and tables; Acknowledgements; Map of locations referred to in this book; 1. History, Geography, Demography and Culture; 1.I. Introduction; 1.II Geography; 1.II.i. The North-East; 1.II.ii Newcastle and Tyneside; 1.II.iii. Sunderland and Wearside; 1.II.iv. Middlesbrough and Teesside; 1.III. History; 1.III.i. The North-East; 1.III.ii. Newcastle and Tyneside; 1.III.iii. Sunderland and Wearside; 1.III.iv. Middlesbrough and Teesside; 1.IV. Culture; 1.IV.i. The North-East as a culturally salient region; 1.IV.ii. Newcastle: a regional capital?; 1.IV.iii. Local Rivalries; Notes; 2. Phonetics and Phonology; 2.I. Introduction; 2.II. Delimiting the region; 2.III. Variation within the region; 2.III.i. Perceptions of Variation; 2. III.ii. Sources; 2.IV. Vowels; 2.IV.i. Introduction; 2.IV.ii. FACE; 2.IV.iii. GOAT; 2.IV.iv. NURSE; 2.IV.v. GOOSE; 2.IV.vi. FLEECE; 2.IV.vii. PRICE; 2.IV.viii. MOUTH; 2.IV.ix. THOUGHT; 2.IV.x. TRAP, BATH, START; 2.IV.xi. unstressed vowels; 2.V. Consonants; 2.V.i. Introduction; 2.V.ii. /p t k/; 2.V.iii. /r/p; 2.V.iv. /h/; 2.V.v. /l/; 2.VI. Suprasegmentals; 2.VII. Current changes; 2.VII.i. Introduction; 2.VII.ii. FACE and GOAT; 2.VII.iii. /p/, /t/ and /k/; 2.VII.iv. TH-fronting; 2.VII. v /r/; 2.VIII. Conclusion; Notes; 3. Morphosyntax; 3.I. Introduction; 3.II. Pronouns; 3.II.i. Personal Pronouns; 3.II.ii. Relative Pronouns; 3.III Definite and Indefinite Articles; 3.III.i. The Definite Article; 3.III.ii. The Indefinite Article; 3.IV. The Northern Subject Rule; 3.V. Negation; 3.V.i. Punctual Never; 3.V.ii. Negative Concord; 3.V.iii Auxiliary Contraction; 3.V.iv. Uncontracted Negatives; 3.V.v. Interrogative Tags; 3.V.vi. Local forms of negated do; 3.VI. Modal Verbs; 3.VI.i. Range of Modal Verbs; 3.VI.ii. Epistemic must; 3.VI.iii. Double Modals; 3.IV. Conclusion; 4. Lexis and Discourse Features; 4.I. Introduction: Social changes and lexical attrition; 4.II. Past research into North-eastern dialect vocabulary; 4.III. Sources of the North-eastern vocabulary; 4. IV. Case Studies; 4.IV.i. Case Study 1: The Tyneside Linguistic Survey lexical questionnaire; 4.IV.ii. Case Study 2: Lads and Lasses; 4.V. Discourse markers; 4.V.i. Intensifiers; 4.V.ii. Sentence-final elements; 4.V.iii. Other uses of like; 4.V.iv. Right dislocation; 4.V.v. Terms of endearment; 4.VI. Conclusion; Notes; 5. Annotated bibliography and references; 5.I. History, Geography, Demography and Culture; 5.II. Phonetics and Phonology; 5.III. Morphosyntax; 5.IV. Lexis; 5.V. References cited in this text; Index.
