The second edition of Steven W. Blume's bestseller provides a comprehensive treatment of power technology for the non-electrical engineer working in the electric power industry This book aims to give non-electrical professionals a fundamental understanding of large interconnected electrical power systems, better known as the "Power Grid", with regard to terminology, electrical concepts, design considerations, construction practices, industry standards, control room operations for both normal and emergency conditions, maintenance, consumption, telecommunications and safety. The text begins with an overview of the terminology and basic electrical concepts commonly used in the industry then it examines the generation, transmission and distribution of power. Other topics discussed include energy management, conservation of electrical energy, consumption characteristics and regulatory aspects to help readers understand modern electric power systems. This second edition features: • New sections on renewable energy, regulatory changes, new measures to improve system reliability, and smart technologies used in the power grid system • Updated practical examples, photographs, drawing, and illustrations to help the reader gain a better understanding of the material • "Optional supplementary reading" sections within most chapters to elaborate on certain concepts by providing additional detail or background Electric Power System Basics for the Nonelectrical Professional, Second Edition, gives business professionals in the industry and entry-level engineers a strong introduction to power technology in non-technical terms. Steve W. Blume is Founder of Applied Professional Training, Inc., APT Global, LLC, APT College, LLC and APT Corporate Training Services, LLC, USA. Steve is a registered professional engineer and certified NERC Reliability Coordinator with a Master's degree in Electrical Engineering specializing in power and a Bachelor's degree specializing in Telecommunications. He has more than 25 years' experience teaching electric power system basics to non-electrical professionals. Steve's engineering and operations experience includes generation, transmission, distribution, and electrical safety. He is an active senior member in IEEE and has published two books in power systems through IEEE and Wiley.
PREFACE ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv CHAPTER 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW, TERMINOLOGY, AND BASIC CONCEPTS 1 Chapter Objectives 1 History of Electric Power 1 System Overview 2 Terminology 3 AC Voltage Generation 9 AC Connections 14 Three Types of Electrical Load 15 CHAPTER 2 GENERATION 19 Chapter Objectives 19 Real-Time Generation 19 Power Plants and Prime Movers 20 CHAPTER 3 TRANSMISSION LINES 43 Chapter Objectives 43 Transmission Lines 43 Conductors 45 Transmission Line Design Parameters (Optional Supplementary Reading) 50 Underground Transmission (Optional Supplementary Reading) 51 DC Transmission Systems (Optional Supplementary Reading) 52 CHAPTER 4 SUBSTATIONS 53 Chapter Objectives 53 Substation Equipment 53 Transformers 54 Regulators 63 Circuit Breakers 69 Reclosers 74 Disconnect Switches 75 Lightning Arresters 79 Electrical Bus 81 Capacitor Banks 83 Reactors 84 Static Var Compensators 86 Control Building 87 Preventive Maintenance 88 CHAPTER 5 DISTRIBUTION 91 Chapter Objectives 91 Distribution Systems 91 Transformer Connections (Optional Supplementary Reading) 102 Fuses and Cutouts 110 Riser or Dip Pole 112 Underground Service 112 CHAPTER 6 CONSUMPTION 119 Chapter Objectives 119 Electrical Energy Consumption 119 Power System Efficiency 121 Power Factor 122 Supply and Demand 123 Demand Side Management 124 Metering 125 Performance-Based Rates 131 Service Entrance Equipment 132 CHAPTER 7 SYSTEM PROTECTION 147 Chapter Objectives 147 Two Types of Protection 147 System Protection Equipment and Concepts 148 Distribution Protection 152 Transmission Protection 155 Substation Protection 157 Generator Protection 158 Generator Synchronization 160 Overall Transmission Protection 162 Substation Automation 162 CHAPTER 8 INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEMS 165 Chapter Objectives 165 Interconnected Power Systems 165 The North American Power Grids 166 Regulatory Environment 167 Interchange Scheduling 170 Interconnected System Operations 171 System Demand and Generator Loading 177 Reliable Grid Operations 180 CHAPTER 9 SYSTEM CONTROL CENTERS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS 187 Chapter Objectives 187 Electric System Control Centers 187 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) 189 Energy Management Systems 191 Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS) 194 Smart Grid 196 Utility Communications Systems 207 CHAPTER 10 PERSONAL PROTECTION (SAFETY) 209 Chapter Objectives 209 Electrical Safety 209 Personal Protection 210 ARC-Flash 218 Electrical Safety Around the Home 222 APPENDIX A THE DERIVATION OF ROOT MEAN SQUARED 225 APPENDIX B GRAPHICAL POWER FACTOR ANALYSIS 227 RECOMMENDED READING 229 INDEX 231
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